Learning Material Sample

Investment and risk

4.1 Asset classes - cash

In this section, we aim to understand the main features, types of potential returns, key factors affecting price, volatility, access, taxation issues and variations of cash as an investment asset class.

Providing the investment is into a recognised financial institution such as a UK bank or building society or via National Savings and Investments, any capital invest...

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...p>Returns therefore can be greatly reduced if the investor withdraws funds at short notice or brings funds down to a level where a lower rate of interest is offered.

In the case of cash deposits, the amount invested constitutes the “price”...

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...ady to release funds should rates rise so long as they are not penalised as a result.

The capital value of the sums invested into deposits do not as a rule, suffer any volatility in that the original amount will always rem...

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...tion under this scheme will be limited to 100% of the first £85,000. This maximum applies per investor and not per account.

 

Access to capital funds is usually instant but as already mentioned, this might be at the risk of interest penalties or loss of interes...

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...ital funds is usually instant but as already mentioned, this might be at the risk of interest penalties or loss of interest altogether.
UK resident holders of UK Bank and Building Society deposit accounts receive their interest payments...

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...ificate showing the gross amount of interest produced, the tax deducted and the net amount received.
The accounts generally come in two forms namely, instant access or restricted access.

An instant access account can only be so named where the individual account holder is able to with...

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...y high interest rates providing investors are willing to keep their funds tied up for the specified period eg 1 or 2 years. Rates can increase further where the amount invested is higher.
Generally provided by subsidiaries of UK financial ...

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...K domicile/resident individual on worldwide income.
On 1 July 2014, the exi...

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...ved free of income tax.
National Savings & Investment (NS&I) products are Government investments which are secure and are guaranteed by the Government. They can be purchased online, by telephone or by post directly from NS&I. The products offered are all cash based and come in a variety of different structures to meet the needs of different investors.

NS&I Direct NISA

The NS&I Direct NISA is available to eligible investors aged 16 or over and has the following features:

Minimum cash investment of £1 required to open account and maximum limit is restricted by the maximum annual allowance for that tax year

They cannot accept transfers from other providers

It can only be opened and managed online or by telephone but additional funds can be added by standing order

It pays tax-free variable interest

Penalty free withdrawals are paid directly to a nominated bank account.

NS&I savings certificates

These are lump sum cash investments earning guaranteed rates of interest over a specified time period.

They are available as fixed interest or index linked

They can be purchased by anyone aged 16 or over, singly or jointly and by trustees

The minimum investment into any issue is £100 and the maximum £15,000

However there are separate holding limits to fixed interest and index linked certificates and the proceeds of maturing savings certificates can be reinvested with no limit

There i...

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...ut is paid gross

Income bonds can be cashed in at any time without notice or penalty.

NS&I bank accounts

NS&I currently offer 2 types of bank account

Investment account

This is a postal only account

Minimum investment is £20 and maximum is £1,000,000

Interest rates are variable

Accounts can be opened by anyone aged over 16 individually or on a joint basis

Parents and grandparents can open on behalf of children

Can also be held in trust for not more than 2 beneficiaries

Withdrawals can be made at any time without notice or penalty

Interest is credited to the account without deduction for tax but is fully taxable in the hands of the investor.

Direct Saver Account

Can only be opened online or by phone with a debit card

Minimum investment is £1 and maximum holding is £2,000,000

Can be opened by anyone aged 16 or over, individually or jointly

Additional funds can be paid by debit card, standing order of bank transfer from nominated bank

All withdrawals paid by BACS to nominated bank account

Withdrawals can be made at any time without notice or penalty

Interest is earned on a daily basis and added each 5 April

Interest is credited to the account without deduction for tax but is fully taxable in the hands of the investor.

What is the maximum date that a NS&I Children’s Bond can be held to?

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